Perovskites are an emerging class of materials which offers a high-efficiency photovoltaics owing to its appealing optical and electronic properties. However, defects such asnon-coordinated ions at their grain boundaries and surfaces do contribute to non-radiative photo-carrier recombination. This undesirably inflates theopen-circuit voltage deficit and is a likely contributor to the widely reported phenomenon ofhysteresis in the current-voltage characteristics which is set to remain at the forefront of thecontinuing progress towards to the theoretical PCE limit of 30%. In this project, the candidate will have an opportunity to explore some new interfacial engineering strategies, such as surface passivation, grain boundary passivation and contact passivation to eliminate the defects. This will help to increase the open circuit voltage of the perovskite devices which will be employed to achieve champion perovskite/silicon tandem solar cells. At the end of the internship, the candidate(s) will be experienced the full processing steps of the perovskite solar cells and they may have an opportunity to publish the findings in well-respected scientific journals.​​